This conclusion is not based only on observation with the naked eye of the protests almost daily regiments continuous frames higher near the Moroccan parliament since the beginning of the nineties of the last century; that has become part of the scene protest in Morocco; but backed by numbers and the official statistics and independent confirms that exposure categories of young people who have higher education of unemployment than those who are less educated.
The debate now is to Morocco on the management of file frames Supreme broken by the new government, and the most appropriate way to absorb the anger of growing in their ranks, and a sense of frustration due to the ability to integrate into the job guarantee them a stable life on the one hand, and fear is a growing politicization of the file and forwarded to pressure the new government of on the other... orientations radical in some components of the protest movement of the frames Supreme broken and the possibility of politicized; rather than as a social issue partial; not just a matter of a cross, has begun to shape the awareness is growing among the unemployed seek to link their current status as a result of the rampant cronyism and patronage and poor distribution of wealth and the education system bad who does not qualify them to enter the job market Alwadifa maroc
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| Alwadifa Maroc |
To understand the sensitivity of the subject, should know that the Moroccan universities hosts annually about 350 thousand students, and graduated about 100 thousand students each year in the wire leave and about 5 thousand holds evidence of Master's and doctoral degrees, more than a quarter of these graduates do not find a way to fill, most of of these young people from at least 34 years old and residents of urban area, the phenomenon of youth unemployment and urban youth phenomenon par excellence. If we account deficit, which happened about 20 years ago, the rate of up to hundreds of thousands of students who have advanced degrees (Licence, Master, PhD) outside the labor market, which constitutes a reservoir of frustration and melancholy and discontent on the state and educational policies and operational.
However, the crisis run senior managers began moving more and more towards escalation since the beginning of the Arab spring, which came out some groups of unemployed in the protest movement, February 20, and the entry into force of some Islamic parties and left-wing radical to the offices of some of the Hth groups had started before that period, it was National Society for unemployed graduates of the first Assembly of the Democratic approach idle political alternatives proposed to solve the problem of operating in Morocco, but the political context was previously imposed on the protest movement of the idle to keep the roof of the social demands rather than linked to the political dimension.
With the growing trend is the motivation for escalation and raise the pace of the protests, the government was forced to make decisions employ thousands of unemployed in the public service as a security measure to isolate them from the political movement based with the Youth Movement February 20; calling for a redistribution of wealth and the waiver of the King for many of its powers and give up his fortune; especially with fear of the growing employment of the JCO and the radical left movement of the unemployed as substitutes new double movement after February 20, by directing unemployed protests as an "umbrella" Umbrella political pressure on the new government led by the ruling Justice and Development. The trend has already emerged a sharp protest borrow some of the shapes that have appeared in other Arab countries such as the burning of self following the example of Muhammad, which sparked a revolution Bouazizi of Tunisia, or raising slogans demanding to drop the system, the behaviors were not present earlier in the ranks of this class which relied slogans in nature social demand in the labor Alwadifa market only.
To understand the issue of the emergence of frameworks Supreme broken in Morocco, should be done first political speeches criticizing the Chamber on the subject. Either speech with this movement and to consider this category a victim of public policies failed in the field of education, employment, or the speech critic to them and hold them responsible for their failure, far from linking the issue of various dimensions of political, economic and cultural, which produced this situation, which requires included to relativelyof some prejudice leading and value judgments in order to provide an understanding and a preliminary analysis on this phenomenon.
It can distinguish between two main entrances to understand this phenomenon: Alwadifa Maroc
The first entry in the entrance of the economic - political, and analyzes this entrance inertia frames as the groups reflect the failure of development policies and modernization of its approach to Morocco in the period after independence, which emerged as a framework the Supreme broken in the early nineties as a direct response to the failure of public policies in the management of file linking education and the labor market, after the recommendations of the World Bank, Morocco and the developing countries in general to reduce the expenses of the sector of public and social sectors, within the framework of the so-called program of re-evaluation of structural, which was the results retreat of the state in social obligations to provide health coverage and social protection to groups vulnerable and education of a strong and competitive , etc. ..., and was cut public spending in social areas in general, and the state has stepped on the staffing of public sector investments after the waves seen by Morocco in the years of the seventies and eighties in the context of a policy of "westernized frameworks", which happened to him could no longer satisfy the state with the reception create more jobs in public institutions, and there is the inability of the integration of large groups of college graduates in the labor market, accompanied by weak private sector and the dominance of the sector non-structured, making large groups of young people graduate higher education prefers to work with public institutions rather than the private sector, It is justified to find justification in view of the weakness of the private sector and its incompatibility with the formations (mostly theoretical dimension), who received a student at the university, which makes the headline of this crisis is the following: incompatibility of input of university education with the requirements of the job market.
The second entrance highlights the entrance educational - cultural, which is linked directly in the form and content of education provided in public schools of Morocco, along with the interaction happening between them and the dominant culture in society, steeped in both (school and society more broadly) the culture of dependency and passivity and the weakness of the initiative individual and depend on the state rather than individual initiatives, and the weakness of the contents of self-reliance and education for citizenship and equality of opportunity, transparency and seriousness, perseverance and responsibility in the curriculum, and lack of interest in the school by example in this issue of young people emerging, which reproduces the laziness and apathy and the search for quick fixes instead of work diligent and persistent and serious, given the fact that the groups are locked in front of the only solution is to function in public institutions, and not in the private sector, as the sector is structured and the content of the consequences, in spite of the fact that he is absorbed in about 90 per cent of the total staff.
Moroccan governments have felt the former actually that they are unable to absorb the rise in the number of users in universities, which reached about 350 thousand students divided by 13 universities (although this figure does not constitute in fact only about 10 per cent of the total of enrolled in first year primary), which reached its peak at the beginning of the century atheist century, as the deficit range, prompting the government of Morocco at the time, led by Abdul Rahman tangerine version of the National Charter for Education and Training, as a document framed for the education system in Morocco and the road map for the actors involved, heel Education Reform Project Higher emerged from the National Charter organized by the law known as 01/00, and who was willing to give the university effective independence to propose configurations that are appropriate human and material resources available and the needs of national and regional which is determined in partnership with various actors involved in the framework of a participatory approach that combines the university and its representatives and Events civil society and businessmen, as part of system configuration, known as LMD: no leave, Master and PhD. It was expected to solve the university reform crisis of higher education in general and contribute to solving the problem of compatibility of inputs (learning process) with the output (the requirements of the job market), but the absence of democracy and good governance institution to "connect the responsibility accounting" caused the failure of this project; as caused the failure of the rest of the Other projects in Morocco; as not to "Limitation of Liability" carefully, as to set the number of ministers of education from outside the political parties (Ministers of sovereignty), and lack of knowledge of some of the needs in the real school. Some immigrants outside the home for many years, made them outside the national context and non-followers. developments that are known to Morocco.
On the other side, he finds the actor is directly concerned with senior managers; is unemployed himself; himself in the situation of a victim of the failure of policies was not part of their production, contribute to devote the reproduction of social inequality between the privileged and disadvantaged groups, which breed has a sense that the investment is product because of not having sufficient resources for private education, which can access to a high school special where he taught children of affluent, and that years of schooling long where he spent much of his life no longer benefit him, he notes the dominance of economic rents and the dominance of patronage and favoritism in investments and that the affluent people do not suffer unemployment as difficult suffered, and he finds himself is a beneficiary of the promised development, all of which need to be political decisions.
This breed has a psychological state of desire for "revenge" of the parallel desire rapidly in the "benefit" through the pressure to get to work on non-competitive, ie, reproduce the same pattern of thinking and behavior, take this time the character of "strategies of collective" out of the unemployment allowance individual salvation through research for a fast way to gain access to public office in front of the absence of a broker assisted to reach this goal.
In sum, the government should avoid direct confrontation with protests unemployed, and work in the short term to ensure the transparency of matches to enter the public service and the provision of special grants Palmtakrgen configurable to open a private enterprise, accompanied by long-term structural reforms of the education system and employment addresses imbalances inputs and outputs of education to suit the job market Alwadifa Maroc , and works to reduce the number of disciplines-oriented theory and open to groups of outstanding students only, and the opening of a large interdisciplinary-oriented practical help to acquire skills for the job market, side by side with the enactment of structural reforms of the national economy is heading more and more in the direction of economy editor Liberalization, competitive and fairer.
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